Composition and biometric indicators of field protective forest belts of the central Forest-steppe

Abstract

The aim is to analyze the current state of protective forest belts of the Сentral Forest-Steppe for the possibility of their preservation, protection, restoration and further effective use. The research was conducted in Vinnytsia district of Vinnytsia region, located in the Сentral Forest-Steppe. The research program included a study of the network of protective forest belts of the study area in terms of their location relative to the world (main, auxiliary), structures (blown, openwork, dense), length, width, height, number of rows, species composition of primary, secondary, single trees and bushes and shrubs, the distance between trees in rows and in rows, the average girth of the tree trunk at a height of 1.3 m. A total of 22 protective forest belts were analyzed. Only 14% of all studied main protective forest belts and 50% of all studied auxiliary protective forest belts are blown by design, have the highest efficiency of positive impact on adjacent agro-ecosystems, and 57% of all studied main protective forest belts are dense and less effective in terms of impact. crops. The main studied field protective forest belts are located at a permissible distance from each other, and the auxiliary ones should be placed one by one, ie the fields should be divided into two along the border in the middle of the auxiliary forest field field. The width of all studied forest belts was not less than recommended. At the same time, 42% of the main protective forest belts had a width greater than the recommended one. The number of rows in the studied main field protective forest belts varied in the range of 3–8 rows. Among all studied main forest belts, four-row ones prevailed, which accounted for 30% of all main field protective forest belts. Auxiliary field protective forest belts by the number of rows were only 2, 3 and 5 rows. They were dominated by 5-row, which accounted for 50% of all ancillary protective forest belts. The main forest species of protective forest belts were common maple and common ash.