Complications in posterior cruciate ligament surgery

Abstract

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries are less common than anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Consequently there are fewer reported series of PCL reconstructions. These PCL reconstructions are technically demanding. There are several complications inherent to the technical aspects of PCL reconstruction. Improper graft placement can lead to limited postoperative knee flexion and extension or even graft failure. Selection of poor graft materials such as the medial gastrocnemius and iliotibial band will result in reconstructions that fail to achieve objective stability. Neurovascular injury can occur during preparation of the tibial tunnel. Direct femoral articular injury or avascular necrosis can occur secondary to femoral tunnel placement. Proper selection of graft tissues, proper graft placement, and excellent surgical exposure is necessary to avoid complications and achieve objective and functional success in PCL reconstruction.