Complex wave’s impact on the cilia-generated flow in a vertical tube with an endoscope

Abstract

ABSTRACT This research object is focused to discuss the cilia-driven flow along complex wave progression via cilia tips. Suspension of nanocomposites is considered in this analysis to discuss the enhanced heat transfer rate properties of the base fluid blood. The endoscopic tube is inserted into the flow region covered by cilia tips to overcome the cilia disorders. Governed mathematical equations are solved by the Mathematica DSolve command after using lubrication approximation. To see the theoretical consequence of complex cilia movement along the tube, graphical results are plotted for different innovative parameters which are discussed in detail. Streamlines are strategized to see the blood circulation pattern in the presence of the complex cilia waves. From a theoretical point of view, it is noted that complex cilia waves accelerate the fluid circulations more significantly near the ciliated walls. Moreover, the cilia-driven fluid flow has a substantial role in multiple progressions such as clearance of respiratory mucus, right-left pattern in the embryonic node, gamete transport in the oviduct, and cerebrospinal fluid flow.