Abstract

With the purpose of the search of new antitumor metal complexes, the complex-formation reactions of [Pd(Phenpip)(H2O)2] 2+ (Phenpip = 1-Phenylpiperazine) with some selected bio-relevant ligands, containing different functional groups (amino acids, peptides, DNA constituents and dicarboxylic acids) were investigated. Stoichiometry and stability constants for the complexes formed are reported. The results show the formation of 1 : 1 complexes with amino acids and dicarboxylic acids. The effect of chelate ring size of the dicarboxylic acid complexes on their stability constants was examined. Peptides form both 1 : 1 complexes and the corresponding deprotonated amide species. Structural effects of the peptide on the amide deprotonation were investigated. DNA pyrimidinic constituents, such as uracil, uridine, thymidine and thymine, form 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 complexes, whereas purinic constituents, such as inosine, inosine 5´-monophosphate (5-IMP) form only 1 : 1 complexes. The stability constant of the complexes formed in solution were determined and the binding centers of the ligands were assigned. The concentration distribution diagrams of the complexes were evaluated

Highlights

  • Metal compounds are widely used as drugs, one of the major employment domains being the cancer therapy [1,2]

  • Recent work in our laboratories focused on equilibria of complex formation reactions of cis(diamine)palladium(II) complexes with DNA, the major target in chemotherapy of tumors, and amino acids, peptides, and dicarboxylic acids and esters [5,6,7,8,9,10]

  • The results show that amino acids form highly stable complexes, the substituent on the α-carbon atom has a significant effect on the stability of the formed complex

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Summary

Introduction

Metal compounds are widely used as drugs, one of the major employment domains being the cancer therapy [1,2]. Recent work in our laboratories focused on equilibria of complex formation reactions of cis(diamine)palladium(II) complexes with DNA, the major target in chemotherapy of tumors, and amino acids, peptides, and dicarboxylic acids and esters [5,6,7,8,9,10]. The study of 1-phenyl piperazine complexes was performed because the piperazine ring may undergo stacking interactions with the sugar group of DNA This will enhance complex formation with DNA subunits, which is a principal target in the chemotherapy of tumors [11]. The latter effect is similar to that reported for carboplatin, where the stacking interaction between the cyclobutane ring and the sugar group is part of the increased antitumor activity [12]

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