Abstract
espanolLa Ley N° 20.169 protege en Chile a competidores y consumidores de la competencia desleal. Es plausible pensar que la Ley exige a los jueces acreditar la aptitud de una conducta potencialmente desleal para desviar clientes desde un competidor a otro, por lo que resulta indispensable evaluar desde la perspectiva economica cuando una conducta supuestamente desleal es apta para producir el desvio del comercio. Se plantea que cuando se trata de informacion falsa sobre los atributos de los productos, aplicar la Ley solo podria tener sentido cuando se trata de bienes de experiencia y de confianza. Asimismo, se plantea que la usurpacion de la identidad de un rival constituye un acto de competencia desleal especialmente relevante porque no solo busca desviar clientela, sino que destruye un mecanismo de mercado para informar verazmente sobre los atributos de los productos. Considerando que la Ley otorga competencia para conocer este tipo de conflictos a los tribunales ordinarios de justicia, este trabajo puede servir como una guia simple para una interpretacion y aplicacion de la Ley. EnglishLaw 20,169 protects competitors and consumers in Chile from unfair competition. As it is plausible to conceive that the Law requires judges to confirm the capability of a potentially unfair conduct geared to divert customers from one competitor to another, it is necessary to asses from an economic perspective when a supposedly unfair conduct is capable to divert trade. This paper argues that when there is false information about the attributes of a product, enforcing the law could only make sense when the products are experience and credence goods. It contends too that usurpation of a rival’s identity is an especially relevant form of unfair competition since the intent is not only to divert clientele, but also to destroy a market tool that provides truthful information on the features of products. Since the Law grants jurisdiction to the ordinary courts of justice to resolve this type of disputes, this paper aims to provide a simple guide on interpreting and enforcing the Law.
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