Abstract
The major part of O-rings is caoutchouc, which is not resistant to several solvents, acids, oils, or bases, and this can cause structural deviations in sealing. The present work shows a compatibility study of O-rings to solvents at laboratory scale. The tested O-rings are the following ones: Viton, NBR 70 and EPDM, and the applied solvents are levulinic acid (LA), formic acid (FA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), lactic acid (LAA), gamma-valerolactone (GVL) and acetonitrile (AC). Based on the measured geometric parameters of O-rings and the weight increments obtained in different solvents, we set up a compatibility table from which we can suggest the proper O-ring for a given solvent or vice versa: which type of O-ring is compatible with which solvent. This work offers a supplementary table to the O-ring handbook, which can contribute to proper selection of O-ring and solvent pairs in the future.
Highlights
1.1 O-rings’ importance in industries O-rings are cheap accessories, we need to take care about their proper states and behaviours, otherwise they could often cause serious problems in machines and processes
The measured data are categorized according to the types of O-rings, while the figures based on measured parameters: 2017 61 2
EPDM showed the highest resistance to the selected solvents, but in the case of lactic acid (LAA) we suggest further long-term experiments
Summary
O-rings are cheap accessories, we need to take care about their proper states and behaviours, otherwise they could often cause serious problems in machines and processes. In many cases information is available on O-rings-solvent compatibility, sometimes we cannot find anything on the applied solvents. O-rings basically consist of rubber, but producers give additives during die-cast to improve their qualities, whose concentrations are often unknown for users, affecting their applicability at given conditions. Gaskets are used in various apparatus: valves, taps, pipes and O-rings can be used as extra sealing on the top of the joining pipes or at interfaces, to avoid leaking. Resilient elastomeric type sealings are usually placed in grooves or in flanges, where they can sit in tightly. O-rings have a crucial role in valves, especially in high-pressure equipments, like membrane filters [1]
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