COMPARISON ON STUDY OF LITHIUM ION AND LEAD ACID CHARGING AND DISCHARGING CHARACTERISTICS

Abstract

A lithium-ion or Li-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery which uses the reversible reduction of lithium ions to store energy. It is the predominant battery type used in portable consumer electronics and electric vehicles. Energy density: 250–693 Wh/L (0.90–2.49 MJ/L) Specific energy: 100–265 Wh/kg (0.360–0.954 MJ/kg) Charge/discharge efficiency: 80–90% Cycle durability: 400–1,200 cycles Self-discharge rate: 0.35% to 2.5% per month depending on state of charge Specific power: c. 250–340 W/kg Lithium batteries, as opposed to alkaline, are capable of giving off a strong energy surge after a long period of low discharge. This makes them ideal for fire alarms. Alkaline batteries provide good, long-term power, but they lose strength over time. On the other side , the Lead acid battery are inexpensive compared to newer technologies, lead–acid batteries are widely used even when surge current is not important and other designs could provide higher energy densities. Energy density: 80–90 Wh/L Nominal cell voltage: 2.1 V Self-discharge rate: 3%–20%/month Specific energy: 35–40 Wh/kg Charge temperature interval: Min. −35°C, max. 45°C Charge/discharge efficiency: 50%–95% Cycle durability: <350 cycle In order to observe the characteristic nature of Lead acid & Lithium ion battery , a review is made on the subject using Matlab Simulink and Simscape.