Comparison of thrombodynamic tests with determination of anti-Xa activity in evaluation of the efficacy of anticoagulant therapy in patients suffering deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities

Abstract

Deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities remains an important medical and social problem in practical medicine. Currently, a weight-dependent low-molecular-weight heparin dosing approach is used to treat deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities in wounded patients without regard to the state of the hemostasis system. This observational study included 30 patients with deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities who were hospitalized for examination and treatment at the Kirov Military Medical Academy. During treatment with enoxaparin sodium at therapeutic doses, depending on body weight, the parameters of the thrombodynamics test were assessed in all patients, and antiXa activity was determined at the peak of the drug (after 3–4 h) and at the end (before the next injection) of its action. A strong inverse correlation was established between the growth rate indicator of the thrombodynamics test clot and antiXa activity at the peak (–0.777; p 0.05) and at the end (–0.715; p 0.05) of the action of sodium enoxaparin. The standard dose of anticoagulant drug, depending on body weight, revealed that 30% of patients were in the hypercoagulation zone, not reaching the target values of the thrombodynamic clot growth rate and anti-Xa activity. The thrombodynamics test results identified the growth rate of the test clot with antiXa activity, which allows both methods to be considered comparable for laboratory monitoring low-molecular-weight heparin therapy in wounded individuals. The insufficient anticoagulant effect in one-third of the injured individuals that received the standard and therapeutic doses of low-molecular-weight heparins requires the development of a personalized approach to titration of low-molecular-weight heparins, which may be based not on the concentration of the drug per body weight but on the achieved anticoagulant effect that optimizes the treatment outcomes and patient prognosis. Accordingly, further research is required.