Comparison of the Nutritional Properties and Transcriptome Profiling Between the Two Different Harvesting Periods of Auricularia polytricha.

Wenliang Wang,Fengjuan Jia,Zhiqing Gong,Shifa Yang,Yansheng Wang

doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.771757

Abstract

Auricularia polytricha (A. polytricha), regarded as an edible and medical mushroom, has attracted toward the research interests because of the high nutrition and bioactivity. The nutritional and medical properties of A. polytricha have been well-studied; however, research about the difference of the nutritional properties and transcriptome profiling between the two different harvesting periods of A. polytricha was limited. In this study, the nutritional properties and transcriptome profiling were compared between the two different harvesting periods of A. polytricha: AP_S1 (the stage for the first harvesting period) and AP_S2 (the stage for the third harvesting period). This study showed that AP_S1 had the more growth advantages than AP_S2 including biomass, auricle area and thickness, protein and calcium contents, and most species of the amino acid contents, which contributed to the higher sensory evaluation and acceptability of AP_S1. Transcriptome profiling showed that a total of 30,298 unigenes were successfully annotated in the two different harvesting periods of A. polytricha. At a threshold of two-fold change, 1,415 and 3,213 unigenes were up- and downregulated, respectively. All the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis showed that the some synthesis and metabolic processes were strengthened in AP_S1, especially the synthesis and metabolism of the amino acids and protein. The enhanced energy metabolism pathways could provide more energy for AP_S1 to synthesize the nutritional substance. Moreover, the expressions of 10 selected DEGs involved in the amino acid and protein synthesis pathways and energy metabolism pathways were higher in AP_S1 compared to AP_S2, consistent with Illumina analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that compares the nutritional properties and transcriptome profiling between the two different harvesting periods of A. polytricha and the results can present insights into the growth and genetic characteristics of A. polytricha.

Highlights

Nowadays, mushrooms have become more and more attractive because of their excellent taste and health-promoting traits [1]
The dried samples were grinded into the small particles by grinder and sifted through 100-mesh sieve to eliminate the residues, getting the fine Auricularia polytricha powder (APP) for the further nutrition detection
The results showed that all of the 10 unigenes expression profiles were increased in AP_S1 compared with AP_S2, which showed that the expression profile of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was in agreement with the RNA-seq analysis

Summary

Introduction

Mushrooms have become more and more attractive because of their excellent taste and health-promoting traits [1]. Auricularia polytricha (A. polytricha), belonging to the Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes, Incertae sedis, Auriculariales, Auriculariaceae, Auricularia, has attracted toward the research interests because of the high nutrition and bioactivity. A. polytricha, regarded as an edible and medical mushroom, is widely cultivated worldwide and ranks the fourth cultivated black wood-ear fungus [2]. Its secondary metabolites have the various chemical species and bioactivities [3]. The fruiting bodies or powdered mycelia can be used as an alternative biosorbent to aid in the detoxification of effluents contaminated by the metals and emulsified oil [4, 5]. Better insight into the regulation mechanisms underlying growth and development of A. polytricha should affect the commercial production of A. polytricha and its potential value

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Results

Conclusion