Abstract
Fucoidans extracted from brown algae exert manifold biological activities paving the way for the development of numerous applications including treatments outside tumor therapy such as age-related macular degeneration or tissue engineering. In this study, we investigated the antiproliferative effects of fucoidans extracted from six different algae (Fucus vesiculosus, F. serratus, F. distichus subsp. evanescens, Dictyosiphon foeniculaceus, Laminaria digitata, Saccharina latissima) as well as three reference compounds (Sigma fucoidan, heparin, enoxaparin) on tumor (HL-60, Raji, HeLa, OMM-1, A-375, HCT-116, Hep G2) and non-tumor (ARPE-19, HaCaT) cell lines. All fucoidans were extracted according to a standardized procedure and tested in a commercially available MTS assay. Cell viability was measured after 24 h incubation with test compounds (1–100 µg/mL). Apart from few exceptions, fucoidans and heparins did not impair cell viability. In contrast, fucoidans significantly increased cell viability of suspension cell lines, but not of adherent cells. Fucoidans slightly increased viability of tumor cells and had no impact on the viability of non-tumor cells. The cell viability of HeLa and ARPE-19 cells negatively correlated with protein content and total phenolic content (TPC) of fucoidans, respectively. In summary, none of the tested fucoidans turned out to be anti-proliferative, rendering them interesting for future studies and applications.
Highlights
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in industrial nations and a wide variety of types of cancer exists
Due to the heterogeneous and partly conflicting data in the literature, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of different fucoidans on cell viability and to compare them depending on cell line and type
Six fucoidans extracted from different brown algal species
Summary
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in industrial nations and a wide variety of types of cancer exists. Despite enhanced research interest and already existing medical treatments, the mortality rate is still very high, depending on the cancer type. A common complication in cancer patients and one of the leading causes of death is venous thromboembolism (VTE) [1]. Several clinical trials and meta-analyses have concluded that the use of LMWH may improve overall survival in cancer patients, in those with early stage disease [4]. This clinical benefit still needs to be proven by sufficiently powered studies, a wealth of experimental
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