Abstract
Poland has great potential for the development of renewable energy sources. The implementation of support systems dedicated to renewable sources has resulted in the installation of over 10,500 MW of installed capacity. At present, with high electricity prices, stimulated by the costs of CO2 emissions and the costs of fuel purchase, renewable energy sources are of particular importance in the transformation of the Polish power industry. The RES auction system and the My Electricity Program contributed to the growth of entrepreneurship and the development of the economy. Energy consumers, from passive ones, have become active market participants—prosumers. The RES auction system alone contributed to the creation of approx. 5 GWp of installed capacity of photovoltaics (PV) sources in 2016–2021, while the My Electricity Program contributed to the creation of approx. 2 GWp of installed capacity in PV installations in 2019–2021. The aim of the study is to compare the economic and social costs of two photovoltaic development programs, My Electricity and the RES auction system, from the point of view of the country (in support distribution costs—subsidies) and investors, renewable energy installations operators and prosumers to which these programs are targeted, namely, individuals and enterprises.
Highlights
Published: 24 December 2021The increased demand for electricity, along with the growing awareness of the negative impact of fossil fuels on the environment, forces the use of clean energy sources
It is believed that photovoltaic modules from other distributed energy sources (DER) have become the most common because they are not location-specific, which cannot be said about biogas, wind, or geothermal energy [4,5]
From the point of view of the government, and in particular the Ministry of Climate and Energy, the current answer to the question of what type of financial aid should be offered for renewable energy will contribute to achieving the objectives of renewable energy sources (RES) participation in the production of energy in the country
Summary
Published: 24 December 2021The increased demand for electricity, along with the growing awareness of the negative impact of fossil fuels on the environment, forces the use of clean energy sources. The number of photovoltaic installations has increased in recent years, making it one of the main renewable energy sources [2]. At this point, the installed capacity in PV is the largest compared to other renewable energy sources, including water and wind energy [3]. The use of photovoltaic modules on households can reduce the owner’s bills and support the local generation [6]
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