Comparison of periodontal parameters between patients with ischemic and dilative cardiomyopathy

Dirk Ziebolz,Christian D Etz,Tanja Kottmann,Justus Wagner,Mirjam Eisner,Sven Lehmann,Christian Binner,Gerhard Schmalz,Florentine Reuschel,Jens Garbade

doi:10.1186/s12872-021-02111-5

Abstract

BackgroundThis cross-sectional study aimed in the comparison of periodontal parameters, number of remaining teeth and oral behaviour between patients with ischemic- (ICM) and non-ischemic dilative cardiomyopathy (DCM).MethodsPatients with HF from the Department for Cardiac Surgery at the Heart Center Leipzig were included. The two groups (ICM and DCM) were composed by matching according to age, gender and smoking habits. All participants received a comprehensive periodontal examination, including a periodontal probing on six measurement points of each tooth.ResultsA total of 226 patients (n = 113 each group) was included. Patients in DCM group used interdental cleaning significantly more often than ICM (23.9% vs. 12.5%, p = 0.04). The majority of patients in both groups (ICM: 83.6%, DCM: 84.6%, p = 0.23) were diagnosed with stage III–IV periodontitis. Periodontal parameters were comparable between groups (p > 0.05). Variance analysis revealed no influence of the group (ICM vs. DCM) on the number of remaining teeth (p = 0.16), periodontitis stage (p = 0.27) or the periodontal inflamed surface area (p = 0.62).ConclusionsPatients with severe HF show high periodontal burden, without any differences between ICM and DCM group. Therefore, increased attention should be payed to periodontal health of patients with severe heart disease, irrespective of their underlying disease.

Highlights

Heart Failure (HF) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality and a relevant area of recent research activities [1]
This might be hazardous, because this patient group is a vulnerable clientele, especially if treated with an Heart transplantation (HTx) [12]. It has up until now not been examined, whether this phenomenon is primarily observed in individuals with ischemic heart diseases or if this is a general problem in patients with HF
The majority of participants were treated by left ventricular assist device (LVAD), without differences between ICM and dilative cardiomyopathy (DCM) (p = 0.50)

Summary

Introduction

Heart Failure (HF) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality and a relevant area of recent research activities [1]. Thereby, a high periodontal treatment need, alongside with more severe periodontal disease burden was found in these individuals [9,10,11] This might be hazardous, because this patient group is a vulnerable clientele, especially if treated with an HTx [12]. Based on the potential relationship between periodontal diseases and coronary heart diseases, a higher prevalence and severity of periodontitis might be conceivable in patients with ICM. This cross-sectional study aimed in the comparison of periodontal parameters, number of remaining teeth and oral behaviour between patients with ischemic- (ICM) and non-ischemic dilative cardiomyopathy (DCM)

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion