502-P: Correlation of Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area and Clinical Attachment Loss with Glycemic Status, Serum IL6, and Serum Lipoprotein(a) in Subjects Having Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With and Without Diabetic Retinopathy

Abstract

Background: The two-way relationship between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is well established. An inflammatory link exists between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and periodontitis. This study was undertaken to compare the prevalence, extent and severity of periodontitis, to correlate clinical attachment level (CAL) and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) with glycemic status, serum IL-6 and lipoprotein a [Lp (a)] in T2D subjects with and without DR. Method: This cross-sectional study comprised 40 T2D subjects with DR and 40 T2D subjects without DR. All were assessed for periodontal parameters (BOP, PPD, CAL, OHI-S Index, PI Index and PISA) and systemic parameters (HbA1c, FBG, PPBG, FLP, serum IL-6 and serum Lp (a)). Results: The Proportion, Extent and severity of periodontitis and PISA were higher in T2D with DR compared to T2D without DR. T2D with DR subjects had a mean of 69% sites with gingival bleeding and 40% in T2D without DR. HbA1c was positively correlated with CAL (r = 0.123, p=0.001) and PISA (r = 0.154, p=< 0.001) in T2D with DR. A positive correlation was found between PISA and IL6 (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.651, p < 0.0001); PISA and Lp (a) (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.59, p < 0.001); CAL and IL6 (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.527, p < 0.0001) and CAL and Lp (a) (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.631, p < 0.001). Serum IL-6 and Lp (a) are higher in retinopathy patients with periodontitis than those without periodontitis. Conclusion: Despite both groups having poor glycemic control and comparable plaque scores, the periodontal and inflammatory parameters were higher in the DR group compared to T2D without the DR. The presence of diabetic retinopathy may have contributed to the severity of periodontal destruction and periodontitis may have influenced the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Support: Ophthalmology faculty Disclosure N.Jamal t p: None. C.R: None. R.J.Vadakkekuttical: None.