Comparison of Open Source DEM’s for Morphometric Analysis of Micro Watersheds: A Case Study from the Midlands of Kerala

Abstract

Morphometric analysis with the help of remote sensing and GIS is now widely used to prioritise micro watersheds for planning interventions for soil and water conservation. DEM is the main digital data used to perform the morphometric analysis. There are different types of DEMs available to perform morphometric analysis using GIS techniques. But, no authentic information is available on the degree of accuracy levels of these DEMs to quantitatively determine various morphometric parameters for the watersheds in Kerala, with typical undulating and sloping terrain features. Hence, this research has been initiated to evaluate the quality of three popular DEMs viz. SRTM(Shuttle Radar Topography Mission), CARTOSAT(Cartography and satellite) and ASTER(Advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection Radiometer), each with 30 m spatial resolution. Two small sub watershed of Bharathapuzha river basin have been chosen for the study which are lying near to Valanchery town in Malappuram district. More than 21 morphometric parameters including drainage network, basin geometry, basin texture and basin relief characteristics were computed using these three types of DEMs and the outputs compared with google earth map. The results shows that the SRTM 30m DEM is characterized by higher accuracy compared to CARTOSAT and ASTER and has got better matching with google earth map data sources.