Abstract
Objectives: Incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is high in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries under general anaesthesia. Aim of this study is to compare dexamethasone and ondansetron in preventing PONV. Methods: In this randomized, open clinical trial, we studied 100 ASA Grades I, II and III patients between the ages of 20 and 60 years undergoing elective laparoscopic surgeries under general anaesthesia. Group I received 4 mg of ondansetron i.v. and group II received 8 mg of dexamethasone i.v. 5 minutes before the induction of anaesthesia. The incidences of PONV were recorded with in the first 24 hours after surgery at intervals of 0-2 hours, 2- 6 hours and 6-24 hours. Results and conclusion: Nausea in the first two hours of post-operative period was significantly more in Group D as compared with Group O. In the 2 6 hour period and 6 24 hours period nausea was present in both the Groups and was statistically insignificant. There was no statistically significant difference between both the groups in incidence of vomiting and PONV in postoperative period. Incidence of PONV is not related to increase BMI, phases of menstrual and inhalational anaesthetic agent used. We conclude that ondansetron given intravenously just before induction is safe and more effective than intravenous dexamethasone in early nausea and vomiting and dexamethasone reduces delayed post-operative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic surgeries.
Highlights
The most common and distressing symptoms following surgery and anaesthesia are pain, nausea and vomiting
The phases of the menstrual cycle influences the incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV).[3]
There was no relationship between incidence of PONV and phases of menstrual cycle in our study and is supported by studies done by Panditrao et al[8] and Irwin et al[9]
Summary
The most common and distressing symptoms following surgery and anaesthesia are pain, nausea and vomiting. Sometimes nausea and vomiting may be more distressing especially after minor and ambulatory surgery, delaying hospital discharge.1The incidence of PONV after anaesthesia, despite advances in antiemetic therapy in the last decades is still found to be relatively high and the incidence is 2040%.1. Female patients experience PONV more often and it is more severe than that experienced by male patients.[2] the phases of the menstrual cycle influences the incidence of PONV.[3] Incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting is high in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries under general anaesthesia. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of dexamethasone with ondansetron in preventing PONV in laparoscopic surgeries under general anaesthesia, with respect to 1. 3 PONV in relation to inhalational agent used
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