Comparison of myopia progression between children wearing three types of orthokeratology lenses and children wearing single-vision spectacles.

Abstract

To evaluate factors related to myopia progression in children wearing either orthokeratology (OK) lenses or single-vision spectacles (SVS) for 2years. Pooled-analysis retrospective intervention study. This study involved 105 school-aged children wearing SVS who participated in the multi-center Myovision Study and 89 school-aged children wearing one of 3 OK lens types [Menicon Z Night (M, n = 27), αORTHO®-K (A, n = 32), and Emerald™ (E, n = 30)]. In the OK-lens patients, last examination was performed at ≥ 3-weeks post lens-wear discontinuation. Of the subjects, 102 SVS-Group and 79 OK-Group (M: n = 24, A: n = 28, and E: n = 27) children completed all examinations. A relationship between refractive error (RE) change and 7 factors (correction methods, baseline age, baseline RE, baseline axial length, gender, right or left eye, and follow-up period) was derived by multiple regression modeling. Via those same methods, we investigated the relationship between RE change and 7 factors including 3 OK-lens corrections. Related influence factors were correction method (0.85 D myopia reduction in the OK Group, P < 0.001), baseline age (0.16 D myopia reduction in older-age patients, P < 0.001), and baseline RE (0.12 D myopia reduction per 1 D myopia, P = 0.01). No relationship was found between RE change and OK-lens type. No serious adverse events occurred. Regardless of OK lens design, myopia progression in school-aged children was suppressed. The effect was examined not only via axial-length elongation but also RE change, and the myopia control effect by OK lenses was found to be 0.85 D over the 2-year period.