Abstract
BackgroundHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium that is recognized as a major cause of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. Comparable to other Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are an important cellular component of the outer membrane of H. pylori. The LPS of this organism plays a key role in its colonization and persistence in the stomach. In addition, H. pylori LPS modulates pathogen-induced host inflammatory responses resulting in chronic inflammation within the gastrointestinal tract. Very little is known about the comparative LPS compositions of different strains of H. pylori with varied degree of virulence in human. Therefore, LPS was analyzed from two strains of H. pylori with differing potency in inducing inflammatory responses (SS1 and G27). LPS were extracted from aqueous and phenol layer of hot-phenol water extraction method and subjected for composition analysis by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to sugar and fatty acid compositions.ResultsThe major difference between the two strains of H. pylori is the presence of Rhamnose, Fucose and GalNAc in the SS1 strain, which was either not found or with low abundance in the G27 strain. On the other hand, high amount of Mannose was present in G27 in comparison to SS1. Fatty acid composition of lipid-A portion also showed considerable amount of differences between the two strains, phenol layer of SS1 had enhanced amount of 3 hydroxy decanoic acid (3-OH-C10:0) and 3-hydroxy dodecanoic acid (3-OH-C12:0) which were not present in G27, whereas myristic acid (C14:0) was present in G27 in relatively high amount.ConclusionThe composition analysis of H. pylori LPS, revealed differences in sugars and fatty acids composition between a mouse adapted strain SS1 and G27. This knowledge provides a novel way to dissect out their importance in host-pathogen interaction in further studies.
Highlights
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium that is recognized as a major cause of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer
In H. pylori Sydney Strain 1 (SS1), the aqueous and phenol layers were distinct from each other, they were within a similar range according to size
This is in contrast to previous H. pylori LPS composition studies, which used only the aqueous phase to define the composition of LPS [31,32,33,34, 39, 40]
Summary
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium that is recognized as a major cause of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. H. pylori LPS modulates pathogen-induced host inflammatory responses resulting in chronic inflammation within the gastrointestinal tract. Very little is known about the comparative LPS compositions of different strains of H. pylori with varied degree of virulence in human. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the most common bacterial pathogen in the world, infecting approximately 50% of the world’s population [1]. It colonizes the human stomach where it can persist for many years and if left untreated resulting in the development of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer [1,2,3,4,5]. Lewis antigens are expressed in over 80% of H. pylori strains tested [14]
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