Abstract
As part of heritage tourism features, landmarks play a vital role in enhancing a city's identity to make it more attractive and recognizable. Sumatra has heritage tourism with a similar culture and history to Medan, Bukittinggi, and Siak. This study aims to determine how this Landmark compares with similar heritage tourism in Sumatra. The third essential element of landmarks, iconography, contrast, and accessibility, was examined using the mixed-method. This study shows that monumental architecture and historical histories have become landmarks in the three historical tourist cities. Keywords: heritage tourism; place identity; distinctiveness; Landmark eISSN 2514-751X © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER & cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v7i21.405
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