Abstract
Acoustic–phonetic approaches to forensic voice comparison often include analysis of vowel formants. Such methods depend on human-supervised formant extraction, which is often assumed to be reliable and relatively robust to transmission-channel effects, but requires substantial investment of human labor. Fully automatic formant trackers require less human labor but are usually not considered reliable. This study assesses the variability within and between four human experts and compares the results of human-supervised formant measurement with several fully automatic procedures, both on studio-quality recordings and transmission-channel degraded recordings. Measurements are made of the formant trajectories of /iau/ tokens in a database of recordings of 60 female speakers of Chinese. As well as directly comparing the formant-measurements results, the formant measurements are also used as input to likelihood-ratio forensic-voice-comparison systems, and the validity and reliability of each system is empiricall...
Published Version
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