Comparison of Hemodynamic and Biochemical Factors and Pregnancy Complications in Women with/without Preeclampsia.

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Background:Preeclampsia is the second most common cause of maternal mortality in the world after hemorrhage. The present study was conducted to compare the hemodynamic and biochemical levels and pregnancy complications in women with preeclampsia and normal blood pressure. Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on two groups of healthy mothers and mothers with preeclampsia. The research sample included 147 people selected among all mothers referred to Kamali Educational and Medical Center of Alborz. The relationship of preeclampsia and its severity with indices such as age, maternal and fetal weight, body mass index, Apgar score, liver enzymes, laboratory indices, Doppler ultrasound, economic status and other hemodynamic and biochemical indices was examined. Results:The mean age of patients with normal blood pressure and preeclampsia was 29.2 and 29.9 years, respectively. In the control group, no history of hospitalization in an intensive care unit (ICU) was reported, while in the case group, 28% of mothers were admitted to ICU. In the control group, 93% of the fetal middle cerebral arterial (MCA) index, 95% of UA index, 93% of SD index and 95% of CPR index were normal, while in the case group, 67% of MCA index, 65% of the umbilical arterial (UA) index, 70% of SD index and 36% of CPR index were normal. The mean uric acid was about 32% higher in the case group than the control group. The mean neonatal weight was about 20% higher in mothers with normal blood pressure (2836 g in the control group and 2345 g in the case group). In the multivariate logistic regression, platelet (OR=1, P=.018), pulse rate of mother (OR=1.198, P=.044), uric acid (OR=2.057, P<.001) and LDH (OR=1.006, P=.015) were significant predictors of preeclampsia. Conclusion:By examining the indices at different ages of pregnancy, the occurrence of preeclampsia can be predicted at the appropriate time and its complications for both the mother and fetus can be thus prevented. Platelet, pulse rate of the mother, uric acid and LDH were significant predictors of preeclampsia, of which just uric acid was a strong predictor, with odds ratio (OR)=2.057 - for example, for one unit increase in uric acid, the odds of preeclampsia increase by about two times. Preeclampsia may cause low birth weight as well.