Comparison of glucose variability in patients with type 2 diabetes administrated glargine with needle-free jet injector and conventional insulin pen

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background The effects of insulin delivered by needle-free jet injector on glycemic variations (GV) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) which remains largely unknown. Research design and methods We aimed to compare the glucose variability in Chinese T2D patients administrated glargine 100 U/mL (Gla-100) with a needle-free jet injector and conventional insulin pen. This was a self-comparative, observational study of 26 patients who were subjected to a flash glucose monitoring system (FGM) for 14 consecutive days. During the study period, all subjects received Gla-100 daily before breakfast using a conventional insulin pen, with the exception of day 3 and day 7, when insulin was delivered by needle-free jet injection. We analyzed FGM data of day 3, day 5, day 7, and day 9 at the endpoint. Results There were no differences in the glycemic variability between the jet injector group and the conventional pen group. However, patients with needle-free jet injection had a lower 24 hr mean glucose (MG) and lower incremental area under the curve (AUC) of 1 hr, 12 hr, and 24 hr, compared to the conventional pen group (p = 0.001). Conclusions Gla-100 delivered by needle-free jet injection potentially lowered MG in patients with T2D in the Chinese population.