Comparison of Effects of Different Heparins on Thrombin Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor in Hemodialyzed Patients

Abstract

Background: Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is a regulator of endogenous fibrinolysis. Heparin is used routinely during dialysis sessions to prevent clot formation in the extracorporeal circuit; therefore the aim of the study was to assess whether unfractionated heparin or low-molecular-weight heparins affect TAFI concentration and activity in hemodialyzed patients. Methods: Dalteparin (n = 16) or enoxaparin (n = 25) were administered before the second hemodialysis session in the week in a single dose, whereas unfractionated heparin (n = 18) was given first as a bolus, then in a pump. We also evaluated thrombin activity (thrombin-antithrombin complexes, prothrombin fragments 1 + 2), TAFI activator, thrombomodulin, a catalyzer of TAFI activation and a marker of endothelial cell injury, and the degree of plasmin generation (plasmin-antiplasmin complexes). Results: TAFI concentration, activity and markers of ongoing coagulation, i.e. prothrombin fragments 1 + 2 and thrombin-antithrombin complexes, were significantly higher in patients anticoagulated with unfractionated heparin when compared to both enoxaparin and dalteparin groups. Thrombin-antithrombin complexes, plasmin-antiplasmin complexes, prothrombin fragments 1 + 2, and thrombomodulin did not differ between patients anticoagulated with dalteparin and enoxaparin. Conclusions: Our results suggest that low-molecular-weight heparins influence TAFI and other hemostatic parameters in hemodialyzed patients to a lesser degree than unfractionated heparin. Increased TAFI is possibly due to thrombin appearance during hemodialysis with unfractionated heparin.