Abstract
This study quantifies the benefits of implementing model predictive control on residential solar PV and energy storage systems considering a time-of-use demand tariff, feed-in tariff and varying PV system sizes and battery life-cycle costs. The control system analysed makes use of economic model predictive control (EMPC) whereby the objective function is directly tied to the economics of the system. Using residential load and PV data from an Australian distribution network service provider, the EMPC controller is compared to a rule-based controller, highlighting the benefits of EMPC in regards to annual economic performance and battery energy throughput. The EMPC algorithm is then tested using 10 residential customers at the low voltage feeder level showing the capacity for the EMPC controller to shift peak demand and flatten the aggregated load profile of 30 residential customers.
Highlights
Distribution networks are currently experiencing rapid change, primarily due to the increasing prevalence of distributed energy resources (DERs), such as solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, smart appliances, electric vehicles (EVs) and electrical energy storage (ES) such as batteries
This paper evaluated the benefits of an economic model predictive control (EMPC) controller for residential ES systems
The controller was shown to provide a greater reduction in annual electricity costs for all PV/load ratios (0.68, 1.34, 2.0) compared to standalone PV systems and ES systems that utilise rulebased control (RBC)
Summary
Distribution networks are currently experiencing rapid change, primarily due to the increasing prevalence of distributed energy resources (DERs), such as solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, smart appliances, electric vehicles (EVs) and electrical energy storage (ES) such as batteries. DERs can provide several benefits to distribution network service providers (DNSPs) and the associated customers such as reduced costs, improved reliability and aiding the increase of renewable energy resources in electrical networks [1]. Solar PV systems, in particular, have seen significant adoption in the residential sector. This has been attributed to rising electricity prices, incentivised feed-in tariffs and the rapid reduction in the cost of PV modules [2].
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