Abstract
BackgroundSince December 2019, when a cluster of pneumonia cases due to SARS-CoV-2 initially emerged in Wuhan city and then rapidly spread throughout the world, the necessity for data concerning the clinical and para-clinical features of Iranian patients with COVID-19 was highlighted. Therefore, we aimed to compare the clinical, para-clinical and laboratory evidences of deceased patients with survival group.MethodsWe extracted data regarding 233 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from Buali Hospital in Iran; clinical/para-clinical and inflammatory indexes data were collected and analyzed. The data of laboratory examinations and chest CT findings were compared between deceased and survived patients.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 49.8 years and 64% of our patients were male. The acute respiratory distress syndrome occurred in 64 patients, 52 who were admitted to the ICU, which all of them underwent invasive mechanical ventilation, and 28 who died. Lymphopenia (79%), neutrophilia (79%), and thrombocytopenia (21%) were the most frequently observed laboratory findings of the deceased group on admission. Most patients (68%) had a high systematic immune-inflammation (SII) index of > 500 and increased C-reactive protein level (88%). Levels of inflammatory indexes such as neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and SII were documented to be significantly elevated in the deceased group when compared with the patients who survived (P < 0.0001, P < 0.001, P < 0.0001, respectively). The most commonly presented symptoms were fever (70%) and cough (63%) on admission. Headache was uncommon (11%). Ground-glass opacity with consolidation (mixed) was the most common radiologic finding on chest CT (51%). No radiographic or CT abnormality was found in 15 of 204 patients (7%).ConclusionSmall fraction of patients with COVID-19 may present without fever and abnormal radiologic findings. Elevated NLR, PLR and SII can be considered as prognostic and risk stratifying factor of severe form of disease.
Highlights
Since December 2019, when a cluster of pneumonia cases due to SARS-CoV-2 initially emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout the world, the necessity for data concerning the clinical and paraclinical features of Iranian patients with COVID-19 was highlighted
Elevated neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systematic immune-inflammation (SII) can be considered as prognostic and risk stratifying factor of severe form of disease
The causative virus called as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the relevant disease termed as corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO) [1, 2]
Summary
Since December 2019, when a cluster of pneumonia cases due to SARS-CoV-2 initially emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout the world, the necessity for data concerning the clinical and paraclinical features of Iranian patients with COVID-19 was highlighted. The causative virus called as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the relevant disease termed as corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO) [1, 2]. According to the latest data, up to the Aug 30, 2020, the numbers of laboratory-confirmed cases in Iran reached 371,816 of which 21,359 were deceased, and 321,421 were recovered. The number of laboratory-confirmed cases in other countries reached 24,854,140 of which 838,924 were died, according to official data from the WHO
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