Comparison of Bone Regeneration in Different Forms of Bovine Bone Scaffolds with Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2.

Hyun Seok,Jung-Ho Park,Dong-Cheol Kang,Jong Hoon Park,Hee-Youl Kim

doi:10.3390/ijms222011121

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the bone regeneration ability of particle and block bones, acting as bone scaffolds, with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 and evaluate them as rhBMP-2 carriers. Demineralized bovine bone particles, blocks, and rhBMP-2 were grafted into the subperiosteal space of a rat calvarial bone, and the rats were randomly divided into four groups: particle, block, P (particle)+BMP, and B (block)+BMP groups. The bone volume of the B+BMP group was significantly higher than that of the other groups (p < 0.00), with no significant difference in bone mineral density. The average adipose tissue volume of the B+BMP group was higher than that of the P+BMP group, although the difference was not significant. Adipose tissue formation was observed in the rhBMP-2 application group. Histologically, the particle and B+BMP groups showed higher formation of a new bone. However, adipose tissue and void spaces were also formed, especially in the B+BMP group. Hence, despite the formation of a large central void space, rhBMP-2 could be effectively used with block bone scaffolds and showed excellent new bone formation. Further studies are required to evaluate the changes in adipose tissue.

Highlights

A sufficient width and height of the alveolar bone are required for the installation of dental implants and prosthetic rehabilitation in edentulous patients [1]
A high expression of bone sialoprotein (BSP) and osteocalcin was observed in the new bone matrix of the P+Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and and B+BMP groups and is indicated by black arrows (Original magnification 100×, bar = 100 μm)
BSPdisadvantages, and osteocalcin was observed in the new bone matrix with of thethe area, increased time,magnification and limited 100×, harvest and B+BMP groups and is indicated by black operation arrows

Summary

Introduction

A sufficient width and height of the alveolar bone are required for the installation of dental implants and prosthetic rehabilitation in edentulous patients [1]. Numerous surgical techniques have been introduced for the reconstruction of alveolar bone defects [2]. Dental implants can be placed in the alveolar bone defect area [3,4,5]. Autogenous bone is considered the gold standard bone graft material because of its osteogenic, osteoinductive, and osteoconductive abilities. Donor site morbidity observed upon bone harvest is a significant drawback of this technique [6]. Demineralized bovine bone is popularly used as a xenograft, and it only exhibits osteoconductive properties, it demonstrates a favorable outcome for new bone formation in the grafted area [7,8]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion