Abstract
In this article different wings are computed by low and high-fidelity methods to compare their aerodynamic characteristics. Thanks to the unusual properties of the wing with the bell-shaped lift distribution, several general geometrical variants of the wings were calculated and their results are presented in this work. Three general wings are assumed and their geometry is defined as rectangular, trapezoidal and elliptical. Airspeed, total lift force, shape of airfoil and root chord are defined, and bending moment is assumed as a surrogate model for wing weight. The goal of optimization is minimization of aerodynamic drag.
Highlights
Ludwig Prandlt developed computational method to calculate elementary characteristics of finite span wing at the beginning of aviation
Robert Jones optimized a lift distribution for a given lift and bending moment in 1950 [3]. His result is close to Bell-shaped lift distribution (BSLD) and has 15 % higher efficienty and 15 % grater wings related to elliptical spanload
Yy dddd − yy Circulation is a function of lift coefficient and this depends on the induced angle of attack and downwash velocity respectively
Summary
Ludwig Prandlt developed computational method to calculate elementary characteristics of finite span wing at the beginning of aviation He derived wing with best aerodynamic efficiency as a wing with elliptical list distribution [1]. Several years later, he conceded the previous conclusion leads to an invalid result, there was a superior spanload solution that maximizes efficiency for a given bending moment [2] His new bell-shaped spanload creates a wing that is 11 percent more efficient and has 22 percent greater span. He completely rediscovered BSLD, its consequence and made flight test to proof of concept
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