Comparing the Efficiency of the Femoral Neck System and the Cannulated Compression Screw in Treating Femoral Neck Fractures in Patients Who Are Young and Middle-aged Indian Population

Abstract

Listen

Translate article

Background: There are no long-term studies regarding the clinical effectiveness of a novel fixation technique (femoral neck system [FNS]) for femoral neck fractures. The primary aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two internal fixation techniques (FNS and cannulated compression screw [CCS]) for treating femoral neck fractures in individuals between the ages of 20 and 40 years. Materials and Methods: Data of patients who underwent internal fixation surgery for femoral neck fractures in our hospital between January 2018 and January 2020 with CCS and between January 2020 and January 2022 with FNS were retrospectively evaluated. The groups of CCS and FNS were separated based on the various internal fixation techniques. Demographics about all patients, including sex, age, body mass index, and fracture type were recorded. Pre-operative and 1-year post-operative follow-up of patients was to assess femoral neck shortenings and the Harris Hip score was used to evaluate joint function. Post-operative complications such as femoral head necrosis, non-union, and femoral neck shortening were noted. Results: 30 patients each of CCS and FNS system fixation were enrolled in the study. The male-to-female ratio was 21:9 and 18:12 for CCS and FNS, respectively. The average age of both groups was around 30 years. Compared to patients treated with CC screws, patients who had FNS treatment required less time to recuperate and resume normal activities. The HSS score improvement at 2 weeks and 12 weeks was significantly better in the FNS system than CCS fixation. There was improvement in flexion, abduction, and external rotation range of motion in FNS compared to CCS. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of femoral head necrosis or fracture non-union following surgery. Conclusion: Patients treated with FNS for femoral neck fractures in the age range of 20–40 years can achieve better hip scores than CCS fixation and also have improved range of motion in flexion, abduction, and external rotation. Keywords: Femoral neck system, cannulated cancellous screw, femoral neck fractures, harris hip score