Abstract
This study was designed to compare the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) among 3 to 7-year-old strabismic and nonstrabismic children in an Iranian population.In this cross-sectional study, 108 preschool children with equal numbers of strabismic/non-strabismic disorder (age 3–7 years) were randomly selected from exceptional strabismus clinics of Ahvaz and were evaluated with the preschool and primary scale of intelligence versions of Wechsler (WPPSI).In the current study, 108 children were evaluated. In strabismic patients the mean performance, verbal and total IQ were 89.46±19.79, 89.57±21.57 and 91.54±22.08 respectively. These mean scores in normal children were 91.89±47.53, 87.56±15.6 and 89.96±17.62consecuently. The results showed that these three different IQ subscales were not significantly different among 3 to 7 years old strabismic and nonstrabismic children ((P>0.05 for all comparisons). There was no significant difference in IQ between two sexes (P>0.05) while Persian tribe children had greater IQ score compared to other tribes (P<0.05). Also, higher paternal educational status of children related to higher IQ score. IQ score was better in combined deviations and was higher in exotropes than esotropes; however, these differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05).In this evaluation, we did not found a significant negative interference of strabismus on IQ score of preschool children. It can be concluded that paternal educational level and tribe have a significant effect on intelligent quotient, while this is not the case on sex and ocular deviation.
Highlights
Strabismus is one of the ophthalmological problems that can affect the quality of life of individuals
The results showed that these three different Intelligence Quotient (IQ) subscales were not significantly different among 3 to 7 years old strabismic and nonstrabismic children ((P>0.05 for all comparisons)
The results of our study indicate that no significant differences in any of IQ score are evident between males and females, males in the Chinese sample obtained significantly higher IQ scores than females
Summary
Strabismus (ocular misalignment) is one of the ophthalmological problems that can affect the quality of life of individuals. The appearance of misaligned eyes might result in social prejudice by associating strabismus with personality defects and below average intelligence (Olitsky, Sudesh, Graziano, Hamblen, Brooks, & Shaha, 1999). Adult with strabismus are likely to develop mannerisms to camouflage their dysfunction and avoid eye contact during social interactions (Nelson, Gunton, Lasker, Nelson, & Drohan, 2008; Durnian, Owen, Baddon, Noonan, & Marsh, 2010). They perceive that strabismus has a negative impact on secure employment and opportunities for career advancement (Durnian et al, 2010)
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