Abstract
The differentially expressed genes (DEGs), key genes and metabolic pathways of the parasitic beetle, Dastarcus helophoroides (Fairmaire), were compared between the fiftieth commercially reared population and the first natural population to reveal the adaptive mechanism in response to high temperature stress. The high-throughput sequencing technique was employed for transcriptome sequencing of two populations of D. helophoroides. In total, 47,763 non-redundant transcripts with the average length of 989.31 bp and the N50 of 1607 bp were obtained. Under high temperature stress, 1108 DEGs were found in the commercial population; while there were 3946 DEGs in the natural population, which were higher than those in the commercial population (3.56 times). High temperature stress of D. helophoroides promoted the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and metabolism-related genes in both populations, but metabolism synthesis and hydrolysis of natural population was much higher, allowing them to produce more resistant substances (such as HSPs, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxiredoxin (Prx), etc.). Therefore, HSPs may play a major role in the high temperature adaptation of a commercial population, while the natural population probably respond to heat stress with more resistant substances (such as HSPs, SOD, Prx, etc.). These results provide a reference to select and domesticate a specific ecotype with stronger adaptability to the high temperature weather in the forest and further improve the efficiency of D. helophoroides as a bio-control factor.
Highlights
Introduction iationsInsects are ectotherms and unable to regulate their body temperature; their physiological and biochemical characteristics and life activities are significantly affected by high temperature stress [1,2,3]
The total transcriptome sequencing data was 26.69 Gb, of which the GC Content was about 42.95–44.14%, and Q30 base percentage was at least 91.24%
Gb of study indicated that transcriptome sequencing of D. helophoroides, obtained 2.48nuGb of nucleotides, which laid a foundation for revealing the mechanism of longevity sustainable cleotides, which laid a foundation for revealing the mechanism ofand longevity and sustainreproduction at the molecular level
Summary
Insects are ectotherms and unable to regulate their body temperature; their physiological and biochemical characteristics and life activities are significantly affected by high temperature stress [1,2,3]. There are some successful examples in the mass rearing and commercial production of several parasitoid species, such as Trichogramma brassicae, T. dendrolimi, Diglyphus isaea, Fopius arisanus (Sonan) and Dichasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead), which are widely used to control some crops and forest pests [5,6,7]. The tolerance of commercial natural enemy insects to high temperature stress is reduced due to long-term rearing under constant temperature condition. When mass rearing populations of predatory mites were released into the field, they were often unable to Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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