Abstract
Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge seed oils are suitable for broad nutritional and bio-functional purposes. In this study, the oil yield, physicochemical properties, fatty acid profile, Fourier transform infrared spectra, tocopherol content, antioxidant activity, oxidative and thermal stability, and rheological properties of seed oils, obtained by subcritical n-butane, supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2), and Soxhlet method, were investigated and compared. The results indicated that subcritical n-butane had higher yield (58.79%) than supercritical CO2 (56.47%), corresponding to 97.29% efficiency of the Soxhlet method. All the extracted oils were rich in linoleic acid (379.61–385.86 mg/g oil), and oleic acid (276.58–285.77 mg/g oil), with high thermal stabilities and Newtonian flow behavior. The subcritical n-butane-extracted oil showed the highest tocopherol content, antioxidant activity, and oxidative stability. Thus, subcritical n-butane extraction was the best method to extract yellow horn seed oil and potentially other edible oils.
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