Abstract
To compare two oncotic cervical cytology techniques, the conventional and the liquid-based cytology, in low risk patients for uterine cervical cancer. Comparative prospective study with 100 patients who came to their annual gynecological exam, and were submitted simultaneously to both techniques. We used the McNemar test, with a significance level of p < 0.05 to compare the results obtained related to adequacy of the smear quality, descriptive diagnosis prevalence, guided biopsy confirmation and histology. Adequacy of the smear was similar for both methods. The quality with squamocolumnar junction in 93% of conventional cytology and in 84% of the liquid-based cytology had statistical significance. As for the diagnosis of atypical cells they were detected in 3% of conventional cytology and in 10% of liquid-based cytology (p = 0.06). Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance were the most prevalent abnormality. The liquid-based cytology performance was better when compared with colposcopy (guided biopsy), presenting sensitivity of 66.7% and specificity of 100%. There was no cytological and histological concordance for the conventional cytology. Liquid-based cytology had a better performance to diagnose atypical cells and the cytohistological concordance was higher than in the conventional cytology.
Highlights
Cervical-vaginal cytology was introduced by George Papanicoulau and Aureli Babes in 1928(1,2)
Among the 100 Conventional oncotic cytology (CC) smears, two were unsatisfactory by desiccation (2%), and among the 100 liquid-based cytology (LBC) smears one was unsatisfactory for erythrocytes excess (1%)
There were no cases of unsatisfactory cytology in both techniques for the same patient
Summary
Cervical-vaginal cytology was introduced by George Papanicoulau and Aureli Babes in 1928(1,2). In 1983 after the researches of Papanicolau and Traut[1] this technique became most effective to prevent and early diagnosis uterine cervical cancer. Uterine cervical cancer causes death of approximately 18,430 women yearly in Brazil according to an estimation in 2010 made by the Instituto Nacional do Câncer (INCA)(3). It is the most common cancer type in the northern region of Brazil after the non-melanoma skin cancer. Uterine cervical cancer has a risk estimation of 22.82 per 100 thousand women. In Rondonia, a Brazilian state, this risk is 14.54. Each year 500 thousand new cases of this disease appear, causing 230 thousand deaths worldwide
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