Abstract
The results obtained by the comparative investigation of low-field emission currents from the surfaces of various plasma-facing materials used in thermonuclear facilities are presented. It is demonstrated that emission currents can only be compared under the same experimental conditions and after degassing of the surfaces under study. The determined macroscopic current densities enable us to rank the examined materials in terms of the probability of the ignition of unipolar arcs. Such materials can be arranged in descending order of probabilities as follows: MPG-8 graphite with a rough surface, tungsten “nanofuzz,” tungsten oxide “grass,” carbon–carbon composite, MPG-8 graphite with a smooth surface, and polished tungsten.
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