Abstract
Liquid cooling is an important method for battery thermal management (BTM) of electric vehicles (EVs), and improving its heat transfer capacity has always been a research focus. In this paper, the performances of the cooling plates with various channel shapes for a prismatic battery module at high discharge rate are numerically investigated. The factor j/f considering the flow resistance and the heat transfer capacity is introduced to evaluate the cooling plates. The mechanism of heat transfer enhancement by using different flow-channel layout schemes in the cooling plate is analyzed based on the distributions of pressure and velocity. The results show that flow recirculation occurs in the circular slots on the flow-guiding walls in the cooling plate. The recirculating flows damage the boundary layer, thereby the heat transfer is enhanced. In order to further study the factors affecting the performances of the cooling plates, evaluation is carried out for the cooling plates with circular slots of different diameter (Dslot) and depth (d2). The maximum improvement of the factor j/f is 41.79%. In addition, the maximum temperature of the battery is also lower. Therefore, the cooling plate with the circular slots is more suitable for the BTM system under fast discharging.
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