Comparative study of chemical variability of essential oils from the leaves of Lippia multiflora Mold (Verbenaceae) collected in five regions of Côte d'Ivoire

Abstract

Chemical variability of a plant from various continents or collected in different localities justifies its different biological activities. Thus, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the statistical study of chemical variability of essential oils from leaves of Lippia multiflora Mold from five localities in the center of Côte d'Ivoire. Essential oils have been extracted by hydrodistillation with yields varying from 0.34 to 1.20% depending on localities. Analysis of their chemical compositions showed the predominance of eucalyptol / germacrene D (13.91 / 11.02%), α-citral / β-citral / α-phellandrene (21.87 / 16.74 / 12.79%), linalool / (±)-trans-nerolidol / α-citral (19.99 / 18.68 / 12.10%), α-citral / β-citral (17.20 / 11.59%) and α-citral / β-citral (16.38 / 11.57%) in the oils from Yamoussoukro, Tiébissou, Bouaflé, Toumodi and Dimbokro, respectively. Principal Component Analysis and Hierarchical Ascending Classification revealed that these essential oils can be classified in three groups or chemotypes dominated by Eucalyptol, Citral / Linalool and trans-Geraniol.