Abstract
In this paper, scaled-down mathematical models, simulations, and experimental studies have been conducted to show the power sharing between battery and ultra-capacitor in a passive Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) using lithium ion battery and ultracapacitor. Detailed comparisons between a battery-only ESS and a passive HESS in terms of power capability, discharging time, and efficiency have been studied to investigate the advantages of passive HESS. Finally, we compare a passive HESS with an active HESS for Electric Vehicle (EV) and Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) applications, and the advantages of the passive HESS over active HESS are explained.
Highlights
Combining a battery pack with ultracapacitors to achieve both high power and high energy capability is considered an effective way to provide energy and power for Electric Vehicle (EV) and Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) [1], [2]
Experimental study of passive Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) in laboratory is in [7]. All these studies concentrate on small power scale, which is useful for portable devices and communication systems with small power demand
Battery pack and ultra-capacitor parameters are according to the datasheets in [13] and [14]
Summary
Combining a battery pack with ultracapacitors to achieve both high power and high energy capability is considered an effective way to provide energy and power for EVs and HEVs [1], [2]. A HESS, capable of provide transient high power pulse for accelerating or decelerating an EV or a HEV, present potentials for better ESS design optimization, performance and life as well. Researches in this area are mostly concentrated on simulation and experimental studies of active HESS systems using DC-DC converters [8,9,10,11,12]. This paper provides studies on power performance of a scaled-down passive HESS, by means of mathematical, simulation, and experimental investigations. Consistent results from mathematical, simulation, and experimental investigations are obtained and provide a solid basis for comparing a battery only ESS and a HESS for EV and HEV applications. Advantages of HESS over a battery alone ESS are discussed followed by discussion on the advantage of passive HESS over active HESS in the last part of this paper
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