Abstract
Simple SummaryTurmeric, which is the rhizome of Curcuma longa, has a long history for spice and medicine in China, India, and other tropical countries. Curcuminoids, as the principle active compounds of turmeric, consist of curcumin (about 77%), demethoxycurcumin (about 17%), and bisdemethoxycurcumin (about 3%). Studies showed that curcuminoids, especially curcumin, possesses antioxidant, free radical scavenging activities, and thus have a health-promoting effect in human and animals. Of the three curcuminoids, extensive research on the biological activity of curcumin was carried out for decades. However, its natural analogues bisdemethoxycurcumin was relatively less investigated. Based the records, there was still controversy regarding the relative potency of antioxidant activity of curcuminoid that is dependent on different cell types and animal models, which ultimately affected their beneficial effects on the intestinal health and animal production as well. Thus, whether curcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin shared the same efficiency of antioxidant activity in chicken erythrocytes and broiler chickens remains unknown. Our results demonstrated, for the first time, that the bisdemethoxycurcumin, acting like curcumin, exerted good free radical scavenging activity in erythrocytes and improved the redox status in broilers, although there were some slight differences in their efficiency of antioxidant activities in broiler chickens.The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of curcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin in both 2,20-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-treated erythrocytes and broiler chickens. In experiment 1, chicken erythrocytes were employed to determine the antioxidant protection against AAPH treatment. Significant differences in hemolysis, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were observed between the control and curcuminoids-treated groups. In experiment 2, a total of 480 Arbor Acres broilers with the similar body weights were used. All of the birds were fed basal diet and basal diet with 150 mg/kg curcumin or bisdemethoxycurcumin, respectively. The results showed that curcuminoids significantly increased ADG, serum antioxidant capacity, the glutathione redox potential of small intestine, the gene expression of Nrf2, and its related antioxidant enzymes. Besides, curcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin increased the antioxidant activities of serum, diet, and excreta while using the 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt and ferric-reducing antioxidant power methods. It was concluded that bisdemethoxycurcumin, acting like curcumin, exerted good free radical scavenging activity in erythrocytes and improved the redox status in broilers, although there were some slight differences in their efficiency of antioxidant activities.
Highlights
Turmeric, which is the rhizome of Curcuma longa, has a long history for spice and medicine inChina, India, and other tropical countries
We have curcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin, two principal curcuminoids found in commercially available demonstrated that curcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin, two principal curcuminoids found in turmeric extracts, positively improved the redox system and enhanced the antioxidant capacity of commercially available turmeric extracts, positively improved the redox system and enhanced the broiler chicken in vitro and in vivo
Our results showed that both curcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin improved the serum antioxidant activity using the ABTS and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods
Summary
Turmeric, which is the rhizome of Curcuma longa, has a long history for spice and medicine inChina, India, and other tropical countries. Studies showed curcumin, accounting for up to 77%, as the most important active compound of turmeric, demethoxycurcumin took second place up to 17%, and bisdemethoxycurcumin had the least about 3% [4,5]. Demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin share the same β-diketone bridge but differed the number and position of methoxy groups on two aromatic rings [6,7]. They showed great prospect for application in the medicine, food, and animal industry due to their high safety and wide spectrum of biological activities. All three of them were referred to curcuminoids, which were the major components of commercial curcumin product
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