Abstract
The study’s aim was to characterize the composition of Nigella sativa seed (NSO) and grape seed (GSO) oils, and to evaluate their cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory effect on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced ischemia in rats. Materials and Methods: NSO and GSO supplements were physicochemically characterized. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses were used to determine the phytochemical composition in the oils. Total polyphenol content (TPC) and in vitro antioxidant activity were also determined. Pretreatment with 4 mL/kg/day NSO or GSO was administered to rats for 14 days. The experimental ischemia was induced by a single administration of ISO 45 mg/kg after 14 days. An electrocardiogram (ECG) was performed initially and 24 h after ISO. Biological evaluation was done at the end of experiment. Results: The HPLC-MS, GC-MS, and FTIR analyses showed that both NSO and GSO are important sources of bioactive compounds, especially catechin and phenolic acids in GSO, while NSO was enriched in flavonoids and thymol derivatives. Pretreatment with GSO and NSO significantly reduced ventricular conduction, prevented the cardiotoxic effect of ISO in ventricular myocardium, and reduced the level of proinflammatory cytokines and CK-Mb. Conclusion: Both NSO and GSO were shown to have an anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective effect in ISO-induced ischemia.
Highlights
Cardiovascular diseases remain one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, regardless of socioeconomic status [1]
The aim of the present study was to characterize the main compounds identified in the oils of Nigella sativa seeds and Vitis vinifera seeds and their phenolic fraction, and to evaluate their cardioprotective effect on an animal model of ischemia induced by isoproterenol in rats
There were no significant differences between comparisons)
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases remain one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, regardless of socioeconomic status [1]. Myocardial infarction is an acute condition produced by an imbalance between coronary blood supply and myocardial demand, leading to necrosis of the myocardium. Myocardial infarction is associated with an inflammatory response [2], production of oxygen-derived free radicals, and alteration of the extracellular matrix with tissue injury. All these processes lead to fibrosis and myocardial remodeling, responsible for arrhythmias and other cardiac complications [3,4]. An immediate and long-term treatment is necessary to control pathophysiological mechanisms to preserve a good function of the myocardium, to prevent the extension of myocardial lesions, and to reduce death caused by cardiovascular diseases [2]
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