Abstract
The profile of glyphosate residues in cowpea grains sold in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja (FCT), Nigeria was assessed using high performance liquid chromatography. Methods: Thirty-three cowpea grains samples of red and white morphotype were collected from some selected markets within the FCT, Abuja. Analytical methods on the pulverized cowpea grains included dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using acetonitrile/water (55:45) as mobile phase, sample clean up and their quantification by HPLC/UV as described by AOAC - QuEChERS method. Results: The percentage recoveries of the GLY pesticide standard were found to be acceptable at 90.01-101% with limits of detection pesticides standard were 0.011mgkg-1 and limits of quantification from 0.022 mgkg-1 and regression correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.987332. The results showed that the mean concentration of glyphosate in the cowpea grains ranged from 0.11-44.32 ± 0.001 mgkg_1 with a mean glyphosate concentration of 6.280 mgkg-1 was detected. Six samples representing 18.18% of the samples collected violated WHO/FAO CODEX standard of 15.0 mgkg-1. Comparative studies between municipal and satellite markets revealed that GLY concentration residue was highest and lowest in K’WB (44.32 mg/kg) and K’IB (0.11 mg/kg) respectively while values recorded for Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) for all the samples were within an acceptable limit of 0.1mgkg-1. Heath risk index values were <1 suggesting that the consumer populations were not at risk. Conclusion: The high profile of glyphosate residue in cowpea grains from Karimu and Abaji Area Councils of the FCT is of great concern and needed to be further investigated.
Published Version
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