Abstract
In this work, magnetic and optical propagation in human head are modeled by FDTD and Monte Carlo methods. Both of them use a realistic high-resolution three-dimensional human head mesh. The numerical methods are applied to the analysis of magnetic and optical radiation distribution in the brain using different sources. The results show the characteristics of both types of stimulation, and highlight the spatial selectivity achieved by optical sources, which entails a high potential for illuminating specific brain regions. The presented approach can be applied for predictive purposes in magnetic stimulation techniques and in the emerging field of optical brain stimulation.
Highlights
Population ageing is a global trend in developed countries
Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) and Monte Carlo calculations of magnetic and optical propagation are compared in Fig. 6 in order to complement the results presented above
The FDTD method and the Monte Carlo method have been applied to a three-dimensional realistic adult head mesh for respectively modeling magnetic and optical propagation in human brain
Summary
Population ageing is a global trend in developed countries. It is estimated that the number of people older than 65 years will rise by 70% by 2050 in the EU [1]. There are multiple causes and factors that can provoke neurodegenerative diseases, but most of them entail neuronal synapses weakening and neurotransmitters malfunctions It is well-known that nervous tissue stimulation can be achieved by several type of energy sources, which lead to electrical, magnetical, chemical, thermical, mechanical and optical stimulation methods [2]. The analysis performed in this work constitute the first step towards the development of comprehensive predictive models that could enable to determine the magnetic or optical radiation distribution in the brain, in order to appropriately control radiation parameters for enhancing and optimizing the stimulation process. Results for several types of sources are given The characteristics of both techniques are comparatively presented.
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