Abstract
Background: Implant primary stability can be affected by several factors related to implant macrogeometry, local anatomy, and surgical techniques. The aim of this research was to study primary stability on polyurethane foam sheets of wide-threaded implant design compared to narrow-threaded implants. Materials and methods: Two different implant designs were positioned on D3 density polyurethane blocks in a standardized environment: the wide-threaded implant and the narrow-threaded implant, for a total of 160 specimens. Moreover, for each group, two different sizes were considered: 3.8 mm × 12 mm and 4.8 mm × 12 mm. The insertion torque (IT) values, the removal strength (RT), and the Periotest analyses were evaluated. Results: A significantly higher IT and RT was reported for wide-threaded implants and two-stage implants (p < 0.01), compared to the narrow-threaded implants. The diameters seemed to provide a significant effect on the primary stability for both implants’ geometry (p < 0.01). A higher mean of the one-stage implant was evident in the Periotest measurements (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Both of the implants showed sufficient stability in polyurethane artificial simulation, while the wide-threaded implant design showed a higher primary stability on alveolar cancellous synthetic bone in vitro. Additionally, the prosthetic joint connection seemed to have a determinant effect on Periotest analysis, and the one-stage implants seemed to provide a high stability of the fixture when positioned in the osteotomy, which could be important for the immediate loading protocol.
Highlights
Implant-supported rehabilitation represents a predictable and long-term successful treatment option for fixed prosthetic rehabilitation of the edentulous arches [1,2]
Obtaining primary stability is the main goal for the successful healing of dental implants and osseointegration processes, which are deeply influenced by several factors related to the device characteristics such as the geometry of the fixture and surface characteristics [3,4,5,6,7,8]
The aim of this study is to evaluate the primary stability obtained using polyurethane in a block of two different implant designs, consisting of different microgeometry, shape, and pitch of the implant threads
Summary
Implant-supported rehabilitation represents a predictable and long-term successful treatment option for fixed prosthetic rehabilitation of the edentulous arches [1,2]. Obtaining primary stability is the main goal for the successful healing of dental implants and osseointegration processes, which are deeply influenced by several factors related to the device characteristics such as the geometry of the fixture and surface characteristics [3,4,5,6,7,8]. These important aspects are related to surgical technique and the quality/quantity of the receiving bone volumes, and are determinant for achieving osseointegration of dental implants in the maxillary bones [9,10,11]. The prosthetic joint connection seemed to have a determinant effect on Periotest analysis, and the one-stage implants seemed to provide a high stability of the fixture when positioned in the osteotomy, which could be important for the immediate loading protocol
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