Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of a calcium nanocompound on the reduction of erosive tooth wear and abrasion. Material and Methods: Bovine enamel specimens (BE), were randomly assigned to the following groups (n = 10): G1 = Calcium mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Ca 2+ MSNs); G2 = casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP, 2% CPP-ACP, GC ® ); G3 = casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate (CPP-ACFP, 2% CPP-ACP + 900 ppm F - , GC ® ); G4 = sodium fluoride NaF (900 ppm F-, positive control); and G5 = distilled and deionized water (negative control). Each product was applied to the exposed area for one minute, three times per day for three consecutive days, and followed by the immersion of the specimens in Sprite Zero™ - a low-pH solution (2.58) for five minutes (Coca-Cola™). After the first and last erosive challenges of the day, the specimens were submitted to abrasion in a toothbrush machine for 15 seconds (200 g/BE). The specimens were analysed using 3D non-contact optical profilometry, with tooth structure loss (TSL) measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). TSL values were analysed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (p<0.05) . Results: There were no significant differences between G1 (10.95 µm) and G3 (10.80 µm) treatments for TSL values; however both resulted in significantly reduced TSL values compared with the G5 (16.00 µm) (p<0.05). The G4 (12.26 µm) showed no statistically significant difference when compared to the G5 (16.00 µm). The groups G1 and G3 presented higher surface preservation than the G5 . Conclusion: Ca 2+ MSNs was effective for reducing tooth surface loss caused by erosive tooth wear and abrasion.
Highlights
There were no significant differences between G1 (10.95 μm) and G3 (10.80 μm) treatments for tooth structure loss (TSL) values; both resulted in significantly reduced TSL values compared with the G5 (16.00 μm) (p
The erosive tooth wear is a process of cumulative loss of tooth structure through a chemicalmechanical process where this dissolution is not caused by bacteria [1,2]
Only the Ca2+Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and CPP-amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate (ACFP) treatments were able to significantly reduce TSL after the erosion/abrasion challenge compared with the negative control (p
Summary
The erosive tooth wear is a process of cumulative loss of tooth structure through a chemicalmechanical process where this dissolution is not caused by bacteria [1,2]. The erosive tooth wear leads to the reduction of microhardness and the softening of the dental surface, which becomes more susceptible to disruption by mechanical impacts [1,3]. Dental abrasion is a clinical condition of pathological tooth structure loss caused by mechanical forces applied to the teeth [3]. More significant levels of tooth wear are caused by the abrasivity of toothpastes than by the mechanical force applied by the toothbrush. Because the tooth structure becomes softened, brittle and more susceptible to wear after the erosive process begins, abrasion becomes more critical, even in cases where toothpaste is not used for brushing [4]. Fluoride compounds have great preventive and therapeutic effects against tooth mineral loss [6,7], due to the formation of fluorapatite, which has significantly lower solubility than hydroxyapatite, and the formation of calcium fluoride (CaF2) [1,8]; CaF2 can act as a physical barrier that prevents the penetration of acids into the underlying enamel layer, and an increasing number of studies have reported that this effect protects against erosive tooth wear [9,10,11]
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