COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY OF NECTARINE CULTIVARS AND FORMS WITH DIFFERENT COLORED LEAF PLATE

Abstract

Genotypes of nectarine with red leaves were created in Nikita botanical gardens.They have commercially valuable properties and biological characteristics (resistanceto powdery mildew, large-fruited, the ability of transmitting the trait of redleaves with constant result to progeny seed, etc. ). The aim of our researches was tostudy the main indicators of photoactivity of leaf apparatus of nectarine with greenand anthocyanin leaves coloration. Investigations have been carried out in 2010-2015 on intact leaf plates for three cultivars and forms of nectarine with greenleaves – Rubinoviy-8 (control), Chemus, Krymtsuht 53-85 and 2 forms withanthocyanin coloration of leaf plate (NektadianaKrasnolistnaya 996-88, Krasnola495-86). Photosynthetic activity was characterized by chlorophyll fluorescenceparameters (Kautsky effect). The content of chlorophyll a and b were determinedby spectrophotometry. The cultivar Rubinoviy-8 and the form - Krasnola 495-86were selected according to intensity indicators of the primary reactions ofphotosynthesis. Anthocyanin forms concede cultivar Rubinoviy-8 in efficiency ofthe primary reactions of photosynthesis an average of 48-50%; but they exceednectarines Chemus and Krymtsuht 53-85 with green color of leaves of 23-25%.The efficiency of energy supply in the "dark" reactions of photosynthesis in allvarieties and forms of nectarine maintained within 41-46%. But the further abilityto utilize received energy is most efficiently implemented at the nectarine cultivarRubinoviy-8 and form Krasnola 495-86. The forms of red-leaved nectarine incomparison with traditional cultivars are distinguished by a great potential forretaining the stability and productivity of the functioning of the photosyntheticapparatus.