Comparative Case Study of the Comprehensive Impact and Prevention of Typhoon Disasters to Coastal Areas in China: Typhoon Hato and Mangkhut

Abstract

台风是各种自然灾难中危害严重，发生频繁的灾难之一｡ 中国地处太平洋西北部地区，海岸线长，海洋广阔，成为世界上最容易遭受台风侵袭的国家之一｡ 中国东南沿海地区是中国经济产业 发展的核心地区，人口密集，随着中国经济发展水平的不断提高，台风灾害对沿海地区的综合影响日趋严重｡ 本研究的目的是提出加强中国东南沿海地区台风灾害防御对策的方案｡ 通过推广有关台风的知识和信息，增强应急管理能力，补充政府预警系统，为受灾群众提供补偿等措施，最大限度地减少台风危害｡Natural disasters cause tremendous damage to humanity and huge economic losses. Typhoon disaster is one of catastrophic and frequent disasters among various natural disasters. China in the northwest Pacific region has become one of the world s most vulnerable to typhoons because of its long coastline and wide ocean. As economic development continues to improve, the overall impact of typhoon damage on coastal areas is becoming serious. Recently, social issues in China are how to effectively prepare against natural disaster crises like typhoons and reduce the damage to people. The main focus of urban disaster prevention is to enhance the disaster prevention capability of coastal cities. The purpose of this study is to suggest some plans to reduce the damage of typhoon in coastal areas of the southeast China. Typhoon Hato, 2017 and Typhoon Mangkhut, 2018 had a great impact on China. They made Chinese people suffer such as loss of life and property and, still now, the measures to prevent typhoon damage has left much to be desired. Typhoon damage can be classified into three phases: pre-disaster, during-disaster, and post-disaster. First, in the pre-disaster phase, it is necessary to promote knowledge and information about typhoons and improve the perception of typhoon hazard. The public should be made aware of the seriousness and threat of typhoon hazards and prepare for preventive measures. Second, response measures of during-disaster phase should enhance the emergency management capabilities and complement early warning systems of government. Third, the post-disaster recovery phase should ensure socio-economic recovery and reconstruction after the disaster and provide compensation for disaster victims. The occurrence of typhoon itself cannot be prevented, but hazards can be minimized by recognizing accurate damage and supplementing preventive measures.