Abstract
The aim of the present work involves a comparative analysis of the changes in the absolute content of the main fatty acid (FA) component of the total lipid amount in wheat calli (Triticum aestivum L.) under the action of low-intensity laser radiation (LILR), as well as an assessment of the influence of the FA proportion calculation method on the resultant picture of the FA change dynamics. The content of major FAs in callus tissue and its changes when exposed to LILR were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A comparative analysis of the calculation results of the absolute (μg/g dry weight) and relative (in %wt. of the sum of the areas of chromatographic peaks) content of the target components (palmitic, stearic, linoleic and linolenic acids) was carried out. When comparing the two calculation methods, no qualitative differences in the change dynamics were observed. At the same time, significant differences were found between the quantitative indicators of the FA content in absolute and relative units. For example, the absolute amount of monounsaturated oleic acid five minutes increased by 23% following the removal of laser radiation, while the relative amount increased by only 14%. For polyunsaturated linoleic and linolenic acids, this difference was even more significant. In general, the trends in changes caused by irradiation in the main fatty acid content compared with the total callus lipids appear to be similar to the stress response of plant tissue to adverse environmental conditions. The scope of two methods for calculating the content of FAs is also discussed.
Highlights
The phenomenon of low-intensity laser radiation in the infrared and visible ranges having a stimulating effect on animal tissue and microorganisms [1], and on plants, including seeds and plant tissue culture, can be considered as demonstrated [1, 2]
We considered the changes in the fatty acid composition of wheat callus lipids under the influence of laser light to be further evidence of the low-intensity laser radiation effect on plants causing a reaction similar to stress
The fatty acid content in this study was determined as a percentage of the sum of the chromatographic peak areas taking into account the response of each acid
Summary
The phenomenon of low-intensity laser radiation in the infrared and visible ranges having a stimulating effect on animal tissue and microorganisms [1], and on plants, including seeds and plant tissue culture, can be considered as demonstrated [1, 2]. We considered the changes in the fatty acid composition of wheat callus lipids under the influence of laser light to be further evidence of the low-intensity laser radiation effect on plants causing a reaction similar to stress. At the initial stage of tissue reaction (immediately after removal of the laser), a decrease was noted in the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids, mainly due to a decrease in the content of polyunsaturated acids [6] Such an apparently non-specific reaction is similar to changes in the structure and chemical composition of lipids in response to various stressful stimuli. The aim of the present work lies in the comparative analysis of changes in the absolute content of the main FA total lipids in wheat calli under the action of low-intensity laser radiation. The distribution hypothesis was checked using the Shapiro-Wilk test
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