Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus has emerged over the past several decades as a leading cause of hospital acquired infections, which are more commonly termed as nosocomial infections. In recent years, strains of this bacterium which are resistant against several types of antibiotics have evolved and their prevalence is becoming a potential epidemiological threat. As there are limited data available on antibiotic resistance patterns of S. aureus that are isolated from hospital, the study was undertaken. The study was conducted by collecting swab samples from the hospital environment & volunteers and then identified them by standard methods. In case of hospital isolates, highest percentage of resistance was shown against Erythromycin (88.89%) and Ampicillin (83.33%). Significant resistance was also observed in cases of Ciprofloxacin (33.33%) and Tetracycline (33.33%). Lowest percentage of resistance was shown against Streptomycin (11.11%) and Vancomycin shows only intermediate resistant pattern (11.11%). On the other hand, community isolates were 100% sensitive against four antibiotics except Ampicillin (60% resistant) and Vancomycin (20% resistant). From the result it is easily discernable that, there are significant differences in the resistance pattern among hospital environment isolates and community acquired isolates. Samples were collected from different locations of hospital surgery room e.g. floor, wall, operating bed, trolley, sitting tool, cabinet etc. As anticipated, highest number of isolates showing resistance against these antibiotics were from the tool used for sitting.
Highlights
Staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous commensal bacterium on human skins and anterior nares, but frequently causes severe infections in humans [1]
It is the pathogen of greatest concern that causes nosocomial infection because of its intrinsic virulence, ability to cause a diverse array of infections, capacity to adapt different environmental conditions and its nasal carriage which accounts for possible re-infection and spread
This study focus on comparative antimicrobial resistance of community acquired and hospital acquired S. aureus isolates, which may help to create a baseline antibiotic resistance data and in formulating an effective infection control policy
Summary
Staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous commensal bacterium on human skins and anterior nares, but frequently causes severe infections in humans [1]. The difficult therapeutic problem of multidrug resistant S. aureus is just one example of the diminishing efficacy of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of bacterial infections. This trend is alarming for S. aureus because of the severity and diversity of disease caused by this uniquely versatile pathogen. This study focus on comparative antimicrobial resistance of community acquired and hospital acquired S. aureus isolates, which may help to create a baseline antibiotic resistance data and in formulating an effective infection control policy
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