Comparative antibiogram of annual antimicrobial susceptibility trend in a tertiary care institution in Telangana with ICMR annual AMR report for the year 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Antibiogram data can improve hospital antibiotic formulary decisions and local protocols such as surgical prophylaxis or empirical treatment guidelines. This study aims to compare the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) trends observed in our institution with the national data published by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). Methods: The annual antibiogram of all common clinical isolates received in the hospital in 2021 was constructed as per the consensus guidelines developed by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, and the antimicrobial susceptibility trends were compared with the Indian Council of Medical Research annual Antimicrobial Resistance Report for 2021. Results: A total of 719 first isolates (excluding duplicate isolates) of common organisms viz., Escherichia coli (n = 198), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 164), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 70), methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (n = 174), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (n = 39), Enterococcus species (n = 74) were analyzed and described as in charts. Discussion: The percentage susceptibility of gram-positive isolates to vancomycin, linezolid, tetracycline, nitrofurantoin, and fosfomycin was comparable to the national ICMR AMR report, whereas there were differences in the susceptibility rates to other antimicrobial agents such as penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, and co-trimoxazole. The percentage susceptibility of P. aeruginosa isolates was comparable to the national ICMR AMR report for all anti-pseudomonal agents tested and analyzed. The gram-negative isolates showed better susceptibility rates to the beta-lactam antibiotics, fluoroquinolones, and carbapenems in comparison to the national ICMR AMR report. Conclusion: Analysis of antibiograms from different regions of our country would show us the trends and patterns of antimicrobial resistance.