Comparative analysis of the materials’ choice for the brick restoration technologies in the cultural heritage sites’ facades

Abstract

The restoration of the “brick facades” of historical objects is a fairly studied task. A large number of materials and technologies are used in its solution today, however, their application does not always lead to the excellent results. The purpose of this study is a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the materials used and the methods of repair and restoration work with brick materials, depending on the monument’s initial condition, its utilitarian use and the architectural stylization of its facades. This article compares and discusses three methods of repair and restoration of the historical objects’ “brick facades”: the “traditional” method of brickwork restoration, used mainly in the monuments’ restoration experience in Russia; materials and technologies of Caparol company (Germany), as well as the materials and methods of repair and restoration of the brick facades in the Remmers company (Germany). The analysis objects are the history and architecture monuments of a number of South Russian cities; the period of repair and restoration of these facilities from 2013 to 2020 The effectiveness of the indicated methods and materials’ application at the stage is compared: preparatory work, repair and restoration of lost masonry, restoration of masonry with reprofiling; and at the stage of the facades’ finishing. The results of the combined use of various methods are presented. The presented observations and conclusions on the practical conduct of repair and restoration work using various materials and technologies on a number of architectural monuments made in the “brick style” are “equipped” with the data for effective planning and development of “optimal” technological maps for the future restoration objects.