Abstract
Skeletal muscle and adipose tissues are both involved in regulation of metabolism. In the skeletal muscle-adipose tissue crosstalk, exosomes may play an important role but the main components of exosomes are not clear. In this study, we found skeletal muscle-derived exosomes can inhibit adipogenesis of porcine preadipocytes. We identified microRNA expression profiles of muscle exosomes and adipose exosomes by high-throughput sequencing. There were 104 (both novel and known microRNAs) microRNAs differentially expressed (DE miRNAs) between M-EXO (muscle-derived exosomes) and A-EXO (adipose–derived exosomes) groups. A total of 2,137 target genes of DE miRNAs for M-EXO and 2,004 target genes of DE miRNAs for A-EXO were detected. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that some DE miRNAs of M-EXO (especially miR-221-5p) were mainly enriched in lipid-related metabolism processes. The findings may serve as a fundamental resource for understanding the detailed functions of exosomes between the skeletal muscle-adipose crosstalk and the potential relationship between skeletal muscle atrophy and obesity.
Highlights
Muscle cell and adipose cell both belong to the mesodermal cell lineage
M-EXO Inhibit Proliferation and Adipogenesis in Porcine Preadipocytes First at all, Exosome special protein markers Alix and TSG101 were identified by Western blotting to prove the accuracy of exosome (Supplementary Figure 1)
These findings indicate that muscle exosomes inhibited adipogenesis of porcine preadipocytes
Summary
Muscle cell and adipose cell both belong to the mesodermal cell lineage This same origin implies there may exist a special interaction between muscle and adipose. Chronic high fat feeding impairs the ability of murine skeletal muscle to cause hypertrophy, and muscle hypertrophy accelerates white adipose tissue to brown and decreases adipose tissue deposition (Sitnick et al, 2009). Studies has shown that proteins of Wnt family may play an important role in muscle-to-adipose interaction, and Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction promotes growth of muscle cells and inhibition of intramuscular fat synthesis. This leads to muscle building and fat loss (Luo et al, 2008). A study has demonstrated adiponectin increases glucose uptake, enhances mitochondrial oxidation and modulates lipoclastic miRNA Sequencing for Porcine Exosome capacity via coupling fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) actions from adipocytes to skeletal myocytes (Lin et al, 2013)
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