Abstract

Comparative language typology is part of the general typology of linguistics. She studies systems of two or more languages, certain categories of languages in a deductive way (from external to internal). Comparative linguistic typology, as the concept itself shows, is a linguistic subject of typology based on the method of comparison. Comparative typology can equally consider only dominant or common features, as well as only distinctive features that occur in languages of the same structural type (synthetic, analytical, agglutinative, etc.) or in languages of different structural types (synthetic and analytical, agglutinative and incorporated, etc.). The classification of the main essential features of languages, and their most important characteristics and patterns, are the subject of comparative linguistic typology. The task of comparative linguistic typology is to create general typological rules and concepts by comparing linguistic phenomena of different languages. Classification of the main essential features of languages, the most important characteristics and regularities are the subject of comparative typology. The task of Comparative Typology is to create General typological rules and conceptions by comparing linguistic phenomena of various languages.

Highlights

  • Comparative typology is one of the branches of General linguistics, which studies the systems of languages comparatively, finds common laws of languages and establishes differences and similarities between them

  • Due to David Crystal’s book “Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics”, comparative typology is explained in this way: “It is a branch of linguistics, which studies the structural similarities between languages, regardless of their history, as part of an attempt to establish satisfactory classification or typology of languages

  • Comparative typology, as the concept itself reveals, represents a typology-based linguistic subject based on the comparison method

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Summary

Қиёсий типология ва унинг вазифалари

Калит сўзлар: қиёсий типология, тиллар, айрим категориялар, таққослаш усули, умумий хусусиятлар. У икки ва ундан ортиқ тил тизимларини, айрим тил категорияларини дедуктив йўл билан (ташқи томондан ички) ўрганиш билан шуғулланади. Тушунчанинг ўзи очиб берганидек, таққослаш методига асосланган типологиянинг лингвистик предметини ифодалайди. Жамият ва инновациялар – Общество и инновации – Society and innovations Special Issue – 12 (2021) / ISSN 2181-1415 тилларда (синтетик, аналитик, агглютинатив ва бошқалар) мавжуд бўлган ягона dominant ёки умумий хусусиятларга, шунингдек, фақат фарқли хусусиятларга тенг муносабатда бўлиши мумкин) ёки турли хил структуравий турдаги тилларда (синтетик ва аналитик, агглютинатив ва инкорпоратив ва бошқалар). Тилларнинг асосий муҳим хусусиятларини таснифлаш, энг муҳим хусусиятлар ва қонуниятлар қиёсий типологиянинг предмети ҳисобланади. Қиёсий типологиянинг вазифаси турли тилларнинг лисоний ҳодисаларини таққослаш орқали умумий типологик қоида ва концепцияларни яратишдан иборат

Сравнительный анализ языковой типологии и ее задачи
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