Abstract
Abstract Objectives: to investigate the prevalence of exclusive maternal breastfeeding (EMBF) and evaluate whether common mental disorder (CMD) and other predictors promote its early interruption (EI-EMBF4). Methods: a cross-sectional study involving all children <24 months (n=252) residing in 50% (n=34) of the Quilombola communities in Alagoas. The EI-EMBF4 was established when EMBF was ≤4 months. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire was used to identify the occurrence of CMD. Other predictors were obtained through interviews. The measure of association was the prevalence ratio calculated by the Poisson regression, following a hierarchical theoretical model. The prevalence of EMBF for 4 and 6 months, and its median duration (survival analysis) were calculated. Results: the prevalence of EI-EMBF4 and CMD was 57.6% and 42.9%, respectively. The risk factors independently associated with EI-EMBF4 were: living in a mud house, maternal age ≤18 years, low birth weight and the use of a pacifier or baby bottle. There was no association with CMD. The prevalence of EMBF for four and six months was 42.4% and 25.4%, respectively, and the median duration was 106 days. Conclusion: EMBF indicators are below the established recommendations, justifying the implementation of measures that prioritize women subjected to risk factors identified here. CMD is not configured among these.
Highlights
Despite the consensus that exclusive maternal breastfeeding (EMBF) during the first six months of life is the healthiest way to feed the infant, studies conducted in Brazil show that this goal has rarely been achieved, despite investments by national and international institutions.[1,2]Several factors may contribute to the early interruption of EMBF, and many of them are related to the mother, such as low levels of schooling and family income, work outside the home during the puerperium, primiparity, and young age.[3]Socioeconomic, cultural, and psychological variables are related to the time a mother spends breastfeeding and may affect this process positively or negatively
EMBF indicators are below the established recommendations, justifying the implementation of measures that prioritize women subjected to risk factors identified here
Consistent with this context, it is noteworthy the great dependence that these families have on welfare policies, on the Bolsa Família Program, a federal cash transfer program that covers more than 80% of this population
Summary
Socioeconomic, cultural, and psychological variables are related to the time a mother spends breastfeeding and may affect this process positively or negatively. In this regard, the desire and determination of the mother to breastfeed is a decisive factor for the success of this activity. The potential negative effect that disorders related to maternal mental health could have on the intention and willingness to breastfeed is a matter of concern These disorders are part of a category of conditions called common mental disorders (CMD), known as non-psychotic disorders, a condition characterized by the occurrence of anxiety, depressive, and psychosomatic symptoms.[4,5]
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